“What’ll Thou Have”: Quakers and the Characterization of Tavern Sites in Colonial Philadelphia

In 1766, Ebenezer Robinson, an active Quaker and middle-class tradesman, was one of the first to develop the land just north of Independence Hall, then at the edge of urban Philadelphia. Recent work on Independence Mall sponsored jointly by the National Park Service and the National Constitution Center has uncovered several features on this property, but analysis and historical documentation has suggested that a low-class tavern occupied the spot while Robinson owned it. This paper examines artifacts from a privy associated with this period of the site and compares the finds with several other sites to characterize this tavern, explore the different roles taverns played in colonial communities, and clarify the relationship of the tavern with its Quaker landlord. The study is further contextualized with a discussion of Quakerism and attitudes towards alcohol in the colonial period

Practicing and Preaching Quakerism: Creating a Religion of Peace on a Slavery‐Era Plantation

A meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (“Quakers”) formed in the British Virgin Islands in the 1740s offers a window onto broader practices of religion making. Equality, simplicity, and peace form a basis for Quaker thought, but in the BVI these ideals intersected with the realities of Caribbean life and the central fact that members also held enslaved Africans. What members did to create Quakerism varied for this group, yet it was nonetheless understood to be a part of the broader community of “Friends.” Practice perspectives are employed here to gain access to seemingly ephemeral religion through the concrete objects of archaeology but also as a means of reconciling variation in practice with the idea of a coherent religion. Here religious identity was negotiated through practices on multiple scales, creating unity via larger‐scope practices of writing and reading while the most frequent identifications were local and variable. Written works are often seen to encode a static, “real” version of religion against which actions can be measured, but I will argue that religion is better seen in practice, and here Quakerism was created at least as much in the variable minutia of individual performance as in widely shared documents. RESUMEN Una reunión de la Sociedad Religiosa de Amigos (Cuáqueros) formada en las Islas Vírgenes Británicas (IVB) en los años 1740s ofrece una ventana hacia prácticas más amplias de formación de religión. Igualdad, simplicidad, y paz forman una base para el pensamiento cuáquero, pero en las IVB estos ideales intersectaron con las realidades de la vida caribeña y el hecho central que también miembros retuvieron africanos esclavizados. Lo que los miembros hicieron para crear cuaquerismo fue diferente para este grupo, sin embargo, aún así, fue entendido como parte de una comunidad de “Amigos” más amplia. Perspectivas de la práctica son empleadas aquí para ganar acceso a una religión aparentemente efímera a través de objetos concretos de arqueología, pero también como un medio de reconciliar la variación en práctica con la ideas de una religión coherente. Aquí la identidad religiosa fue negociada a través de prácticas en escalas múltiples, creando unidad a través de prácticas de escritura y lectura de mayor alcance mientras las identificaciones más frecuentes fueron locales y variables. Trabajos escritos a menudo se ven como codificando una versión estática, “real” de la religión en contra de la cual acciones pueden ser medidas, pero argumentaré que la religión es mejor vista en práctica, y aquí Cuaquerismo fue creado al menos tanto en minucias variables de desempeños individuales como en documentos ampliamente compartidos.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106773/1/aman12074.pd

An Evaluation of the Using Information Technology Program at East Tennessee State University.

This dissertation presents information gathered and analyzed during an evaluation study of the Using Information Technology (UIT) program at East Tennessee State University. The UIT program, which all undergraduate students must complete before graduation, consists of satisfying a computer literacy foundation requirement and a two course UIT-intensive requirement. The foundation requirement is satisfied by completing a two credit hour course or a challenge exam. Students then take two courses that have been designated as UIT-intensive. One of these courses must be completed in the major. The study, which used a responsive evaluation methodology, involved generating a list of evaluation questions based on discussions with key decision makers. Then, multiple data sources including surveys, interviews, document reviews, pre-tests, and focus groups were used to address these questions. The general conclusion of the study was that the UIT program was effective in helping students gain appropriate computer competencies. However, several recommendations have been made that should help to improve the program

Cyclic pyrrole-imidazole polyamides targeted to the androgen response element

Hairpin pyrrole−imidazole (Py-Im) polyamides are a class of cell-permeable DNA-binding small molecules that can disrupt transcription factor−DNA binding and regulate endogenous gene expression. The covalent linkage of antiparallel Py-Im ring pairs with an γ-amino acid turn unit affords the classical hairpin Py-Im polyamide structure. Closing the hairpin with a second turn unit yields a cyclic polyamide, a lesser-studied architecture mainly attributable to synthetic inaccessibility. We have applied our methodology for solution-phase polyamide synthesis to cyclic polyamides with an improved high-yield cyclization step. Cyclic 8-ring Py-Im polyamides 1−3 target the DNA sequence 5′-WGWWCW-3′, which corresponds to the androgen response element (ARE) bound by the androgen receptor transcription factor to modulate gene expression. We find that cyclic Py-Im polyamides 1−3 bind DNA with exceptionally high affinities and regulate the expression of AR target genes in cell culture studies, from which we infer that the cycle is cell permeable

The Contributions Of Student Organization Involvement To Students Self-Assessments Of Their Leadership Traits And Relational Behaviors

Many business schools designate leadership as a learning outcome for their undergraduates, but the question of how to teach leadership is challenging. Results of this study showed that students who were engaged in extracurricular student organizations rated themselves higher on both leadership traits and behaviors than those who were not involved in student organizations. Though faculty may not interact regularly directly with student affairs professionals, this study suggests that students learn holistically and across all their experiences, both inside and outside the classroom. Pairing coursework aimed at improving leadership capabilities with co-curricular organization activities that give students additional opportunities for trying out what they are learning in the classroom could improve intentionality and authenticity in students educational experiences

Faculty Transitions In Online Delivery: Make Or Buy? Tips For Developing A New To You Online Course

In the last few decades, teaching courses online has become a standard practice at many colleges and universities. Although technologies and pedagogies have changed rapidly during this time, developing an online course is still a labor and time-intensive undertaking. With changes in staffing and course offerings, faculty are often faced with determining the most effective and efficient ways to assume responsibilities for online courses. The authors suggest that under particular ownership expectations there are three main approaches for faculty tasked with offering a course online: 1) develop a new course, 2) modify an already existing course, or 3) adopt an existing online course as-is. Some decision guidelines and sample scenarios are offered to aid faculty in determining the best approach for launching or taking ownership of an online course offering

SLIDES: The Economic Benefits of Completing Initial Reclamation Successfully for Oil and Gas

Presenters: Joe Schneider and Colby Reid, Western States Reclamation, Inc. 34 slide

SLIDES: The Economic Benefits of Completing Initial Reclamation Successfully for Oil and Gas

Presenters: Joe Schneider and Colby Reid, Western States Reclamation, Inc. 34 slide

The importance of a plume of tidally-mixed water to the biological oceanography of the Gulf of Maine

During the warmer months of the year the eastern Gulf of Maine features a plume of cold water which extends from the tidally well-mixed area adjacent to Grand Manan Island at the mouth of the Bay of Fundy southwest along the Maine coast to well beyond Penobscot Bay. Near Grand Manan Island the plume waters are cold (ca. 10°C), nearly vertically isothermal and carry high concentrations of dissolved inorganic nutrients. The analysis of temperature-salinity diagrams and hydrographic vertical section plots indicate that the deeper waters in Jordan Basin, of slope water origin, upwell and contribute a significant fraction of the high nutrient concentrations. The plume waters become increasingly stratified as they flow to the southwest which leads to a phytoplankton bloom downstream. Nitrate concentrations within the euphotic zone of the plume decrease approximately linearly (ca. 194 mg-at NO3-N · m−2) along a distance of about 130 km travelled after its exit from the Grand Manan area (ca 7.5 days transit time). Cross frontal mixing and tidal flushing along the south and north sides of the plume could account for ca. 18% of this decrease. Total chlorophyll concentrations increase nearly linearly with distance along the first 80 km and then decrease in the following 50 km, presumably the result of phytoplankton being grazed by zooplankton which apparently propagate in response to the increasing chlorophyll levels. Over the distance of increasing chlorophyll concentrations (80 km) the nitrate decrease, corrected for physical losses laterally, would support a new . primary production of 1.46 gm C m−2 d−1. Our analyses suggest that as much as 44% of the new nitrate which enters the Gulf of Maine at depth through the Northeast Channel upwells in the eastern Gulf becoming part of the plume, and hence this feature appears to be very important to the nutrient budget and general biological oceanography of the inner Gulf of Maine